The buildings inside the Franciscan monastery, the Church of the Flagellation and the Chapel of the Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross are related to the memory of Jesus' Passion. The Franciscan monastery was originally established in 1838 CE in order to service the Church of the Flagellation. It was later expanded several times until 1992 CE. As of 1924 CE this has been the place of Studium Biblicum Franciscanum, an academic center for archaeological research and biblical studies. The museum also boasts a multimedia section dedicated to the presentation of Via Dolorosa, and an archaeological section where the collections of the Studium Biblicum Franciscanum are exhibited.

circa

Church of the Flagellation
The Church of the Flagellation, a Roman Catholic church in Jerusalem’s Old City, is located near Lions' Gate within the Muslim Quarter. Part of a Franciscan monastery, it is traditionally recognized as the site where Jesus was flogged before beginning his journey to Calvary along the Via Dolorosa. The church, along with the nearby Church of the Condemnation, stands at the Second Station of the Cross. This belief originates from the identification of Roman flagstones beneath the Church of the Condemnation as "Gabbatha", the biblical pavement where Pilate judged Jesus. However, recent archaeological research suggests that the Roman governors likely judged at Herod's palace on Jerusalem’s western hill rather than at this location.

The site’s history spans multiple eras, beginning as a Crusader church that later fell into disrepair under Ottoman rule, during which it was used as stables and private residences. In 1838 CE, the complex was handed to the Franciscans by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, and in 1839, Duke Maximilian Joseph of Bavaria sponsored a reconstruction over the original ruins. The church in its current form was completed in 1928–29, designed by Italian architect Antonio Barluzzi in a 12th-century CE style. Today, the church remains under the care of the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land and is an important site for Christian pilgrims. Recently, it drew attention when a visitor vandalized a statue of Jesus within the church in early 2023.

Inside, the church is known for its single-aisle layout and remarkable stained-glass windows, each illustrating key moments from Jesus’ trial. The northern window shows Pontius Pilate washing his hands, while the central window behind the altar depicts the flagellation, and the southern window portrays Barabbas’s release. The dome, decorated with mosaics and designed to represent a crown of thorns, further enhances the church’s connection to the Passion narrative. These features collectively commemorate the events of Jesus' suffering and continue to draw worshippers and tourists alike.

circa

Church of the Condemnation
The Church of the Condemnation, or the Chapel of the Condemnation, is a small chapel-church inside the Franciscan Terra Sancta Monastery of the Flagellation and Condemnation. It is situated in the south-eastern corner of the monastic complex.

The Church of the Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross is a Roman Catholic church situated within a Franciscan monastery in Jerusalem’s Old City. This church, located at the traditional Second Station of the Cross on the Via Dolorosa, commemorates the spot where Jesus is believed to have taken up his cross after being sentenced to death. The tradition is based on the discovery of Roman flagstones beneath the church and the nearby Convent of the Sisters of Zion, which were once thought to be the pavement of Gabbatha, where Pilate judged Jesus. However, recent archaeological studies suggest that these slabs are part of Hadrian’s second-century Aelia Capitolina forum, not the location of Pilate's judgment.

Originally built during the Byzantine era, the church was later converted into a mosque. It was restored to its current Catholic form in 1904. The church’s design includes five white domes sitting on drums, each featuring stained-glass windows that depict scenes from Christ’s Passion. Papier-mâché figures in the apse illustrate key moments, such as Pilate condemning Jesus and John trying to prevent the Virgin Mary from witnessing Jesus carrying the cross. The interior also showcases wall illustrations of Pilate washing his hands and soldiers imposing the cross on Jesus, with four pink marble pillars supporting the ceiling and Corinthian-style pilasters adorning the walls.

An intriguing feature of the church is the Roman-period floor discovered near its western wall. Made of large, striated stones, this floor was designed to prevent animals' hooves from slipping, providing a glimpse into the practical architectural features of the era. The floor adds an additional layer of historical context to the site, further connecting it to the ancient past and the events of the Passion narrative.

circa

Terra Sancta Archaeological Museum
The archaeological museum, founded as a successor to the original 1902 museum in Jerusalem by Custos Frediano Giannini, showcases the history of the Holy Land and the origins of Christianity. It exhibits artifacts from excavations by Franciscan archaeologists and donated objects. The museum’s collections are spread across three wings: the "Via Dolorosa" room offers a multimedia experience of Jerusalem's 2,000-year history; the "Saller Wing" focuses on the life of Jesus Christ and features artifacts from the Bronze Age to the Crusader period; and the "Corbo Wing" highlights political institutions, daily life during the New Testament period, and early monasticism, with displays of Christian, Jewish, and Islamic art, along with various ancient artifacts.