The Aurochs of Qurta

By the Editors of the Madain Project

The 'Aurochs of Qurta' or the Qurta Inscriptions or petroglyphs are a set of stone-carvings of aurochs and stylized humans dating back to the Late Palaeolithic (circa 23,000-11,000 years ago). The rock art sites are situated near the modern village of Qurta, on the east bank of the river Nile, about 40kilometers south of the town of Edfu in Upper Egypt. First seen by Canadian archaeologists in the early 1960s CE, they were subsequently completely forgotten and relocated by the Belgian mission in 2005 CE.

Contents Hide / Show

See Subjects Home > Africa / Middle East > Egypt > Qurta > The Aurochs of Qurta
Follow us on: Facebook / Youtube / Instagram

Overview

These rock-carvings, also known as the "Qurta Aurochs", Auroch Reliefs of Qurta, present the first evidence of Pleistocene rock-art in North-Africa.

The rock art at Qurta is essentially characterised by hammered and incised naturalistic-style images of aurochs and other wild animals. On the basis of their intrinsic characteristics (subject matter, technique and style), their patination and degree of weathering, as well as the archaeological and geomorphological context, these petroglyphs have been attributed to the Late Pleistocene, specifically to the Late Palaeolithic Period (circa 23,000 to 11,000 BCE).

The site consists of at least 179 figures deeply carved into sandstone. Many depict animals in a more naturalistic style than was used in later petroglyphs at other sites nearby. The so-called Aurochs of Qurta are among a few of the remaining examples of Ice Age art in Africa.

The most intriguing feture of the Qurta rock is most probably its stylistic resemblance to the caveare of Upper Palaeolithic Europe. One of the most striing of these iconographical similarities is that the several of the Qurta aurochs are depicted with their rear legs folded back against the body in an unnatural position, similar to depictions of aurochs at other European cave art sites.

Dating

circa 21,000 to 9,000 BCE

The deposits covering the rock art, in part composed of wind-blown sediments, were dated at the Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology (Luminescence Research Group) of Ghent University (Belgium) using a method called optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. OSL dating can determine the time that has elapsed since the buried sediment grains were last exposed to sunlight. Using the constituent mineral grains of the sediment itself, it offers a direct means for establishing the time of sediment deposition and accumulation.

This resulted in a minimum age of about 15,000 calendar years, providing the first solid evidence for the Pleistocene age of the rock art at Qurta and making it the oldest graphic activity ever recorded in Egypt and the whole of North Africa. The Qurta rock art is therefore more or less contemporaneous with European art from the last Ice Age, as known from such world-famous sites as the Lascaux and Altamira caves.

Gallery Want to use our images?

See Also

References

Let's bring some history to your inbox

Signup for our monthly newsletter / online magazine.
No spam, we promise.

Privacy Policy



Top