Timeline of Arab-Byzantine Wars

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Arab-Byzantine wars were faught between the Muslim Arab forces and the Byzantine empire during 629–1050s CE.

Date Events Notes Reference
629 CE
c. September Battle of Mu'tah
c. October Expedition to Tabouk The Expedition to Tabouk, also known as the Expedition of Usra, was a military expedition, which, was initiated by Muhammad in October, 629/630, 8 AH. Muhammad led a force of as many as 30,000 north to Tabouk in present-day northwestern Saudi Arabia, and managed to capture Tabouk.
634 CE
c. July/August Battle of Ajnadayn The first major pitched battle between the Byzantine (Roman) Empire and the army of the Arab Rashidun Caliphate. The result of the battle was a decisive Muslim victory.
c. Aug/Sept Siege of Damascus The siege lasted from 21 August to 19 September 634 CE, before the city fell to the Rashidun Caliphate. Damascus was the first major city of the Byzantine (Roman) empire to fall in the Muslim conquest of Syria.
636 CE
c. 15-20 Aug Battle of Yarmouk The Battle of Yarmouk was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim Arab forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.
637 CE
c. April Conquest of Jerusalem
646 CE
c. Battle of Nikiou The Battle of Nikiou was a battle between Arab Muslim troops under General Amr ibn al-A'as and the Byzantine Empire in Egypt.
654 CE
c. Battle of the Masts A crucial naval battle, led by Abu'l-Awar and the Byzantine fleet under the personal command of Emperor Constans II. The battle is considered to be "the first decisive conflict of Islam on the deep" as well as part of the earliest campaign by Muawiyah to conquer Constantinople.
692 CE
c. Battle of Sebastopolis The battle ended the peace that had existed between the two powers of Byzantine Empire and Umayyads since 680.
732 CE
c. Battle of Tours
1071 CE
c. August Battle of Manzikert The battle ended the peace that had existed between the two powers of Byzantine Empire and Umayyads since 680.
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