Chapel of Simon of Cyrene

By the Editors of the Madain Project

The Chapel of Simon of Cyrene, or the Chapel of Simon the Cyrenian, is a small Catholic chapel belonging to the Franciscans in the Old City of Jerusalem. The place marks the fifth station of Via Dolorosa, and refers to the biblical episode in which Simon of Cyrene (the man froma ancient Kyrene who was compelled to help Jesus carry the cross on the way to his crucifixion) takes Jesus' cross, and carries it for him.

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Overview

The current traditional site for the station is located at the east end of the western fraction of the Via Dolorosa, adjacent to the Chapel of Simon of Cyrene, a Franciscan construction built in 1895.

Following tradition, between 6:00 and 8:00 a.m. on the morning of Holy Monday at the Fifth Station of the Way of the Cross, several Holy Masses in various languages are celebrated here, one after the other. This small, modest chapel marks a point of deep historical, religious, and architectural significance, serving as a place of reflection on the events of Jesus' Passion for Christian pilgrims.

The chapel's current site, part of the Stations of the Cross along the Via Dolorosa, has likely been venerated since at least the medieval period. In this historical context, the Stations were established to allow pilgrims to reflect on specific events during Jesus’ journey to Calvary. The chapel itself reflects the centuries-old tradition of associating physical locations with events from Jesus’ final days, even if the exact locations remain uncertain.

Architecture

circa 35 CE

Exterior
The chapl-church is a small (covering an area of approx 35 square meters only) two-storey building. The entrance to the somewhat unassuming structure is on the eastern side, from the Haja'y Street.

circa 35 CE

Facade
The chapel belongs to the Franciscans. The facade of the church has five points of interest i.e. the leaning stone (inspect), the lintel (inspect architrave), the station marker, seal of franciscans and the Via dolorosa sign. The symbol on the building’s façade: The "Jerusalem cross" (inspect) consisting of one large cross with four smaller crosses in either corner, the cross that was adopted by the Franciscan order; and the symbol of the Franciscans depicting the crossed arms of Jesus and St. Francis of Assisi underneath a dove that symbolizes the Holy Spirit. The inscription, in the architrave of one of the Chapel doors, references the Synoptic events.

circa 35 CE

Interior: Altar

Historical Appellations

circa 35 CE

"House of the Poor Man"
Before the fifteenth century CE, the current site of the small chapel was considered to be the "House of the Poor Man", and honoured as the fifth station on Via Dolorosa for that reason; the name refers to the Lukan tale of Lazarus and Dives, this Lazarus being a beggar (different from the Lazarus of Bethany), and Dives literally meaning [one who is] Rich in Latin. Adjacent to the alleged "House of the Poor Man" is an arch over the road; the house on the arch was thought to be the corresponding "House of the Rich Man". The houses in question, however, only date to the Middle Ages, and the narrative of Lazarus and Dives is now widely held to be a parable.

Via Dolorosa

circa 35 CE

The Via Dolorosa inscription under the Arch of Ecce Homo (originally built by Hadrian in 135 CE). The processional was is called by several names, most commonly known naes are "Way of Grief," "Way of Sorrow," "Way of Suffering" or simply "Painful Way". The following enlists the stations of the current Via Dolorosa, in sequence.

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See Also

Notes

References

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